PULLANI (Leaf)
Pullani consists of leaf of Calycopteris floribunda Lam. (Fam. Combretacem), a scandent shrub, distributed in the deciduous forests of western Peninsula.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Pullani, Toyavalli, Karavelli
Assamese : —
Bengali : —
English : —
Gujrati : —
Hindi : Kokkarai
Kannada : Marsadabaguli, Enjarige Kubsa
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Pullaani, Varavalli
Marathi : Ukshi, Bogull
Oriya : —
Punjabi : —
Tamil : Minnaarukoti, Pillani, Therulankodl
Telugu : Bandimurududu
Urdu : —
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
The leaves are 7 to 12 cm by 4 to 6 cm ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, acute or acuminate, petiole 0.5 cm to 1.0 cm long; upper surface dull green, lower pale brown with prominent veins, both surfaces hairy; taste, astringent and odour characteristic.
b) Microscopic
Leaf –
Petiole – The transverse section exhibits a single layered epidermis with numerous unicellular covering as well as short stalked or sessile glandular trichomes with 12 to 16 celled head; wide cortex consisting of thin walled parenchymatous cells; a crescent shaped vascular bundle consisting of usual elements, surrounded dorsally as well as laterally by a sheath of fibres is present in the centre of petiole; rosettes of calcium oxalate crystals are seen in some of the cortical cells.
Midrib – The transverse section shows single layered epidermis covered externally with cuticle; long, unicellular covering as well as short stalked or sessile glandular hairs with 12 to 16 heads present on both the surfaces; cortex consisting of thin walled parenchyma cells; a crescent shaped vascular bundle consisting of usual elements surrounded by a continuous ring of fibres present in the center of the cortex, rosettes of calcium oxalate crystals found in some of the cortical parenchyma cells.
Lamina – The epidermal cells have wavy outline in surface view; anamocytic stomata present on lower surface only; unicellular, long covering trichomes as well as glandular hair similar to those described under petiole, present on both surfaces but more pronounced on lower side. The transverse section shows dorsiventral structure with two layers of palisade cells below the upper epidermis; mesophyll represented by cells of spongy parenchyma and small vascular bundles and vascular strands; rosettes of calcium oxalate crystals
seen in some of the cells of spongy parenchyma; stomatal index 23 to 29; palisade ratio 4 to 7 and vein islet number 5 or 6.
Powder – Pale green; shows fragments of upper epidermal cells with covering as well as glandular trichomes; lower epidermal cells with stomata, covering and glandular trichomes, fragments of fibres, reticulate and scalariform vascular elements; scattered covering and glandular trichomes and parenchyma cells with rosettes of calcium oxalate.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 7 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 8 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract on precoated Silica gel ‘G’ plate (Merck), using Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Water (8:11:8) shows in visible light six spots at Rf. 0.13 (light brown), 0.49 (yellow), 0.61 (pale yellow), 0.71 (light yellow), 0.92 (dark yellow) and 0.96 (light orange); under U.V. (254 nm) four spots appear at Rf. 0.61, 0.71 (both white), 0.92 (yellow) and 0.96 (orange); on exposure to Iodine vapours five spots appear at Rf. 0.44, 0.61, 0.71 (all yellow), 0.92 (brown) and 0.96 (dark yellow); on spraying with vanillin sulphuric acid and heating the plate at 110oC for 10 minutes, six spots appear at Rf.0.13, 0.44 (both faint brown), 0.61 (violet), 0.71 (faint brown), 0.92 (black) and 0.96 (dark green).
CONSTITUENTS – Octacesanol, sitosterol, calycopterin, 3’0-Methylcalycopterin, 4-0 methylcalycopterin, ellagic acid quercetin and proanthocyanidin.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Tikta
Guna : Laghu, Ruksa
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : Kaphahara, Pittahara, Bhedini, Vibandhahara
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Marma Gutika
THERAPEUTIC USES – Jvara, Krmi, Kustha, Pandu
DOSE – 3-6 g.
Latest Govt Job & Exam Updates: